The global war against inflation has largely been won — and at surprisingly little cost to economic growth, the International Monetary Fund declared Tuesday. In its latest assessment of the global economy,

The I.M.F. upgraded its projection for output in the United States this year to 2.8 percent from an earlier estimate of 2.6 percent, as a result of stronger consumer spending and higher wages. Economic growth is projected to slow to 2.2 percent in 2025.

Policymakers in the U.S. and other major economies have quelled the worst inflation in four decades without tumbling into recession, the International Monetary Fund said Tuesday.