The world is undergoing a precarious transition marked by geopolitical tensions, economic disruption, fragmented global governance and weakening multilateralism. This volatility is notably exemplified ...

The IT Army of Ukraine was stood up in an ad-hoc manner without a clearly structured and proven plan. Born out of necessity, the IT Army subsequently evolved into a hybrid construct that is neither ...

Recent revelations of Chinese government-backed hacking show a recurring pattern: prominent hackers behind groups such as APT17, APT27, APT41, Flax Typhoon, and Red Hotel—monikers given by ...

Reports and information disclosures by threat intelligence providers, government agencies, think tanks, and online hacktivists have exposed China’s elaborate multifaceted “hack-for-hire” ecosystem ...

EU foreign policy elites need to move beyond the declaratory and aspirational phase and develop a new strategy. As Europe’s international environment transforms, the way Europeans think about strategy ...

Space is increasingly contested and congested. There are over 10,000 active satellites in space. This is a seven-fold increase compared to a decade ago. This rapid growth and the fact that there is no ...

This chapter addresses the types of cyber operations that were conducted against the space sector as well as the types of space entities that have been targeted by threat actors in the context of the ...

This book tries to answer the following seven questions: ...

Historically, discussions on cyber conflict have primarily centered on the involvement of state-sponsored or affiliated groups. Yet, the growing prominence of criminal actors – specifically, ...

The aim of this book is to bring together different expert and practitioner perspectives on the question of where the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) stands at the ...

In response to Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine, the Federal Council took a clear stance in late February 2022, condemning the breach of international law “in the strongest possible terms” ...

Russia’s war in Ukraine has undoubtedly become the single most important conflict for understanding how drone warfare may take shape in the future. This research report identifies nine key takeaways ...