How are ocean currents caused, and how do they affect climate? These questions were hotly debated in the nineteenth century. Some argued that water is simply pushed along by the wind; others ...

The oceans are mostly composed of warm salty water near the surface over cold, less salty water in the ocean depths. These ...

If global warming shuts down the thermohaline circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean, the result could be catastrophic climate change. The environmental effects, models indicate, depend upon whether ...

Absent any climate policy, scientists have found a 70 percent chance of shutting down the thermohaline circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean over the next 200 years, with a 45 percent probability of ...