How does the cell convert DNA into working proteins? The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. But ...

Scientists successfully induced gene expression from a DNA and evolution through continuous replication extracellularly using cell-free materials alone for the first time. By adding the genes ...

Transcription is the process by which DNA is converted into messenger RNA in preparation for translation into a functional product. Extrinsic agents, such as ionizing radiation or chemical mutagen and ...

Once transcription stops, the enzyme and the mRNA transcript disengage from the template DNA, which re-winds to form a double helix. The mRNA transcript or pre-mRNA is then released for ...

A fundamental principle of molecular biology governs how proteins are made within the cell, which happens in two stages called transcription and translation. During transcription, information stored ...

Although genome editing is an exciting and promising field of research, it does not come without its concerns. For instance, it can cause the chromosomes within the cell to rearrange. Therefore it is ...

Cells are, at a fundamental level, protein-production facilities. So naturally, when researchers need to make some particular protein, they should let the cells do the work for them. But living cells ...